Materials Library

30 Brass & Copper
Alloy Datasheets

From leaded free-machining grades to lead-free DZR, structural, and pure copper alloys — every specification Brassland machines and forges, documented.

📋 30 Alloys
🔬 4 Alloy Families
✅ RoHS Status on Every Grade
🌍 EN · ASTM · JIS Equivalents
📐 Machinability Ratings
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Find the right alloy for your application

Browse all 30 alloys grouped by family, or compare them in the property table further down. Each datasheet includes chemical composition, mechanical properties, machinability rating, DZR status, RoHS compliance, and international designation cross-references.

Alloy Selection Guide Standards & Certifications
100%
CW614N machinability reference
13
Certified alloys machined
5
Alloy families covered
RoHS
Status on every grade
Most-requested

Looking for lead-free brass?

Compare every lead-free and low-lead grade we machine — silicon (C69300 / CW724R), bismuth (C6802) and low-lead (C27450) — with the NSF/ANSI 372 and RoHS facts in one place.

Lead-Free Brass Guide →
⚙️ Leaded Free-Machining Brass — 15 grades

Lead (Pb) additions — 0.8–3.7 % across these grades — improve machinability by creating chip-breaking discontinuities. These grades are the workhorses of CNC screw-machining, rated 55–100 % machinability relative to CW614N where a rating exists. RoHS Exemption 6(c) applies (valid to 30 June 2027).

CW617N
CuZn40Pb2
RoHS Ex 6(c) EN 12164 Hot Forgeable
Free-cutting and hot-forging brass at about 90% of the CW614N benchmark. Cu 57–59%, Pb 1.6–2.2%. Used for complex CNC parts, forged valve bodies and fittings.
90%
Machinability vs CW614N
CW614N
CuZn39Pb3
RoHS Ex 6(c) EN 12164 High Pb
The 100% free-cutting machinability benchmark — Cu 57–59%, Pb 2.2–3.5% for short, broken chips and a fine surface finish on high-speed turned parts.
100%
Machinability vs CW614N
C36000
CuZn36Pb3 / 360 Brass
RoHS Ex 6(c) ASTM B16 US Benchmark
The North American free-cutting standard — Cu 60–63%, Pb 2.5–3.0%. Defines the 100% machinability rating. EN match: CW603N; commercial cross-reference: CW614N.
100%
Machinability vs CW614N
C3604
JIS H3250 / Free-Cutting Brass (Japan)
RoHS Ex 6(c) JIS H3250 Free-cutting
The Japanese free-cutting brass — Cu 57–61%, Pb 1.8–3.7%, Fe ≤0.50%; extruded, drawn and forged rod, plus a stress-relieved flare-nut rod. CW614N lies inside its range.
≈100%
Machinability vs CW614N — no JIS rating; listed with CW614N
CW603N
CuZn36Pb3
RoHS Ex 6(c) EN 12164 Free-cutting
EN free-cutting brass with more copper — Cu 60–62%, Pb 2.5–3.5%. Equivalent to C36000; its lead window reaches 3.5%.
≈100%
Machinability — as its UNS equivalent C36000
C38500
Architectural Bronze (ASTM B455)
RoHS Ex 6(c) ASTM B455 Extruded
Leaded brass for extruded rod and shapes — Cu 55–59%, Pb 2.5–3.5%. Closest UNS match for CW614N; the ranges overlap.
90%
Machinability — CDA rating (C36000 = 100)
CW625N
CuZn35Pb1.5AlAs
DZR Grade RoHS Ex 6(c) EN 12164
Arsenical, aluminium-bearing DZR brass (Cu 62–64%, Pb 1.2–1.6%, Al 0.5–0.7%, As 0.02–0.15%). Dezincification-resistant grade with less lead than CW602N (1.2–1.6% vs 1.7–2.8%) — still a leaded brass — used as a CW602N alternative for water fittings; not on the European positive list.
55%
Machinability vs CW614N
CW612N
CuZn39Pb2
RoHS Ex 6(c) EN 12164 Hot Forgeable
Leaded free-cutting and hot-stamping brass — Cu 59–60%, Pb 1.6–2.5%, about 85% machinability. Used for turned and forged parts in automotive, HVAC and general engineering.
85%
Machinability vs CW614N
CW606N
CuZn37Pb2
RoHS Ex 6(c) EN 12164 Machine + form
EN free-cutting brass for parts formed after machining — Cu 61–62%, Pb 1.6–2.5%, Fe ≤0.20%. Equivalent to C35300 (Fe max 0.20 vs 0.15).
90%
Machinability — as its UNS equivalent C35300 (CDA)
C35300
High-Leaded Brass 62% (ASTM B453)
RoHS Ex 6(c) ASTM B453 Machine + form
Rod for parts machined, then swaged, flared, knurled or thread-rolled — Cu 60–63%, Pb 1.5–2.5%. EN equivalent: CW606N.
90%
Machinability — CDA rating (C36000 = 100)
C37700
CuZn38Pb2 / Forging Brass
RoHS Ex 6(c) ASTM B283 Forging 100
The US forging brass for hot-pressed die forgings — forgeability rated 100, with Pb 1.5–2.5% for clean finish machining (~80%). EN equivalents: CW608N and CW612N.
80%
Machinability vs CW614N
C3771
JIS H3250 / Forging Brass (Japan)
RoHS Ex 6(c) JIS H3250 Forging (BF)
The Japanese forging brass — Cu 57–61%, Pb 1.0–2.5%, Fe+Sn ≤1.0%; extruded, drawn and forged rod, plus a flare-nut variant. Nearest grades: CW617N, CW612N, C37700.
80–90%
Machinability vs CW614N — no JIS rating; range of the nearest grades C37700 (75) and CW617N (90)
C38000
Low-Leaded Architectural Bronze (ASTM B455)
RoHS Ex 6(c) ASTM B455 Extruded
Cu 55–60%, Pb 1.5–2.5%, Al ≤0.50%. Equivalent to CW617N, whose limits lie inside it — properties as CW617N.
90%
Machinability vs CW614N — as its EN equivalent CW617N
CW608N
CuZn38Pb2 / C37700
RoHS Ex 6(c) EN 12164 Forging
EN free-machining and hot-stamping brass — the EN equivalent of C37700 (CuZn38Pb2). Pb 1.6–2.5% gives clean machining (~80%); used for forged and turned fittings.
80%
Machinability vs CW614N
CW607N
CuZn38Pb1
RoHS Ex 6(c) EN 12164 Free-Cutting
Free-cutting brass with more copper and less lead than CW617N — Cu 60–61%, Pb 0.8–1.6%. Not a DZR grade; for dezincification-resistant service use CW602N.
70%
Machinability vs CW614N
💧 DZR & Lead-Free Water Brass — 7 grades

Dezincification-resistant grades for aggressive water, gas, HVAC and marine environments, and lead-free grades for drinking water. Qualification per ISO 6509-1. CW602N and C35330 use arsenic inhibition and CW625N aluminium and arsenic; all three contain lead. CW724R and C69300 are lead-free and dezincification-resistant by composition — low zinc and no β phase; CW724R is on the European positive list (entry 1658), and both stay within the US limit of 0.25% weighted-average lead. C69310, C6802 and C68370 / CW726R are lead-free grades grouped here; the comparison table shows their dezincification status.

CW602N
CuZn36Pb2As
DZR Grade RoHS Ex 6(c) EN 12164
Arsenic-inhibited DZR brass. Pb 1.7–2.8%, As 0.02–0.15%. DZR verified by the ISO 6509-1 test. Standard DZR grade of UK potable-water fittings and valve components; not on the European positive list. WRAS/regulatory approval is held by the product maker, not Brassland.
75–85%
Machinability vs CW614N
C35330
CuZn36Pb2As-type (ASTM B453)
DZR Grade RoHS Ex 6(c) ASTM B453
UNS equivalent of CW602N (CZ132) — arsenic-inhibited DZR brass, Cu 59.5–64.0%, Pb 1.5–3.5%. ASTM B453 rod; DZR verified by the ISO 6509-1 test; used for plumbing fittings.
75–85%
Machinability vs CW614N — as its EN equivalent CW602N
CW724R
CuZn21Si3P
DZR — Lead-Free RoHS Free EN 12164
Silicon brass — dezincification-resistant by composition (low zinc, no β phase). Pb ≤ 0.10%, RoHS-compliant with no exemption. Used for potable-water and REACH/RoHS-critical parts.
85%
Machinability vs CW614N
C69300
CuZn21Si3P (ASTM)
DZR — Lead-Free NSF/ANSI 372 ASTM B371
UNS equivalent of CW724R — lead-free silicon brass, Pb ≤0.09%, dezincification-resistant by composition, with high strength. Used for low-lead potable-water components.
85%
Machinability vs CW614N
C69310
Tin-Modified Silicon Brass (JIS C6931)
Lead-Free RoHS Free JIS H3250
Lead-free silicon brass with 0.3–0.7% tin — Pb ≤0.09%. Producer-reported erosion wear similar to CAC406 bronze; sibling of C69300 / CW724R.
70%
Machinability — CDA rating (C36000 = 100)
C68370
CW726R · CuZn36Si1P
Lead-Free RoHS Free UNS / EN
Lead-free brass with about 1% silicon instead of lead — Cu 60.5–65%, Pb ≤0.10%. Not listed as dezincification-resistant.
80%
Machinability — CDA rating (C36000 = 100)
C6802
Bismuth Brass
Lead-Free RoHS Free JIS H3250
Bismuth free-cutting brass — bismuth replaces lead as the chip-breaker. Pb ≤0.10%. JIS H3250 classes it as lead-free free-cutting brass. A lead-free substitute for high-volume CNC parts.
free-cutting
Machinability — free-cutting class of JIS H3250
🔩 Structural & Marine Brass — 6 grades

Brasses without a free-machining lead addition, plus the high-tensile grade CW713R. Machinability is 30–70 % of CW614N. CuZn37 and C27450 are rated excellent for cold working; CuZn40, CW510L, C46400, CW713R and C27450 excellent for hot working. For RoHS, see the note below the comparison table: CuZn40, CW510L, C46400 and C27450 allow some lead as an impurity, and CW713R contains 0.2–0.8 % lead (Exemption 6(c)). Used for stampings, marine hardware, tube, sheet and structural components.

CuZn37
CW508L / 63-37
RoHS Free Deep Draw
Yellow brass (63/37) — 63% Cu, 37% Zn; UNS equivalent C27200. Excellent cold working and deep drawing, high elongation. Used for automotive stampings and radiator tanks.
~35%
Machinability vs CW614N
CuZn40
CW509L / 60-40
Pb ≤0.2% Muntz Metal
Muntz metal — 60% Cu, 40% Zn. Two-phase α+β structure gives excellent hot-working and moderate cold-work. Used for architectural extrusions, condenser plates and tubes, hot forgings and large fasteners.
40%
Machinability vs CW614N
C46400
CuZn39Sn1 / Naval Brass
Marine Grade ASTM B21 No Pb Addition
Naval brass — 60/40 with ~0.8% Sn for seawater corrosion resistance. Strong and hot-forgeable (rated 90). EN equivalent: CW719R. Machinability ~30%.
30%
Machinability vs CW614N
CW713R
CuZn37Mn3Al2PbSi
RoHS Ex 6(c) EN 12164 / 12165 High-tensile
Complex brass with Mn, Al and Si — R540: Rm ≥540 MPa, Rp0.2 ≥280 MPa. Wear-resistant; UNS counterpart C67420.
≈50%
Machinability — UNS counterpart C67420
CW510L
CuZn42
Pb ≤0.2% EN 12167
High-zinc brass without lead addition (Pb ≤0.2% as an impurity) for hot forging and extrusion. 42% Zn, excellent hot-workability, used in pressings and hot-forged fittings where a leaded forging brass isn't wanted.
50%
Machinability vs CW614N
C27450
Low-Lead Yellow Brass
RoHS Ex 6(c) Low Lead
Low-lead yellow brass, Pb ≤ 0.25% (NSF/ANSI 372 lead-free limit). Good balance of machinability and corrosion resistance. Used for low-lead plumbing fittings and gas components.
70%
Machinability vs CW614N
⚡ Copper — 2 grades

Electrolytic-tough-pitch copper for maximum conductivity, plus free-machining tellurium copper at 85% machinability and 93% IACS. C11000 for busbars and transformers; C14500 for machined connectors, terminals, and electrode parts.

C11000
Cu-ETP / CW004A
RoHS Free 99.9% Cu High Conductivity
Electrolytic tough-pitch copper. Min 99.90% Cu. Electrical conductivity ≥100% IACS. Machinability ≈20% — work-hardens rapidly. Used for busbars, terminals, motor windings, and heat exchangers.
20%
Machinability vs CW614N
C14500
CuTeP / Tellurium Copper
RoHS Free 93% IACS ASTM B301
Free-machining copper — 0.4–0.7% Te lifts machinability to 85% while keeping 93% IACS conductivity. The grade for machined electrical connectors and electrode parts. EN equivalent: CW118C.
85%
Machinability vs CW614N
Why one copper grade?

Pure copper serves electrical applications — brasses serve everything else

Copper alloys (brasses) are copper-zinc mixtures optimised for different properties — machinability, corrosion resistance, formability. Pure C11000 is stocked specifically for electrical and thermal applications where conductivity is non-negotiable. For structural copper alloys (bronze, beryllium copper), contact us for special-order supply.

View Alloy Selection Guide
At a glance

All 30 Alloys — Property Comparison

Alloy Family Machinability Hot Work Cold Work DZR RoHS Datasheet
CW617N CuZn40Pb2 Leaded
90%
No Ex 6(c) View ›
CW614N CuZn39Pb3 Leaded
100%
No Ex 6(c) View ›
C36000 CuZn36Pb3 Leaded
100%
No Ex 6(c) View ›
C3604 JIS free-cutting brass Leaded
≈100%
No Ex 6(c) View ›
CW603N CuZn36Pb3 Leaded
≈100%
No Ex 6(c) View ›
C38500 architectural bronze Leaded
90% (C36000 = 100)
No Ex 6(c) View ›
CW625N CuZn35Pb1.5AlAs DZR
55%
✓ As Ex 6(c) View ›
CW612N CuZn39Pb2 Leaded
85%
No Ex 6(c) View ›
CW606N CuZn37Pb2 Leaded
90% (C35300, CDA)
No Ex 6(c) View ›
C35300 high-leaded brass 62% Leaded
90% (C36000 = 100)
No Ex 6(c) View ›
C37700 CuZn38Pb2 Leaded
80%
No Ex 6(c) View ›
C3771 JIS forging brass Leaded
80–90%
No Ex 6(c) View ›
C38000 architectural bronze, low leaded Leaded
90% (as CW617N)
No Ex 6(c) View ›
CW608N CuZn38Pb2 Leaded
80%
No Ex 6(c) View ›
CW607N CuZn38Pb1 Leaded
70%
No Ex 6(c) View ›
CW602N CuZn36Pb2As DZR
75–85%
— ✓ As Ex 6(c) View ›
C35330 CuZn36Pb2As DZR —
— ✓ As Ex 6(c) View ›
CW724R CuZn21Si3P DZR
85%
✓ Si ✓ Free View ›
C69300 CuZn21Si3P DZR
85%
✓ Si ✓ Free View ›
C69310 JIS C6931 — Si + Sn Lead-Free
70% (CDA)
Verify ✓ Free View ›
C68370 CW726R — Si instead of Pb Lead-Free
80% (CDA)
No ✓ Free View ›
C6802 Bismuth brass Lead-Free — — — No ✓ Free View ›
CuZn37 CW508L Structural
~35%
No ✓ Free View ›
CuZn40 CW509L Structural
40%
No Verify (Pb ≤0.2%) View ›
CW510L CuZn42 Structural
50%
No Verify (Pb ≤0.2%) View ›
C27450 low-lead yellow brass Structural
70%
No Ex 6(c) View ›
C46400 CuZn39Sn1 Structural
30%
No Verify (Pb ≤0.2%) View ›
CW713R CuZn37Mn3Al2PbSi Structural
≈50% (C67420, CDA)
Verify Ex 6(c) View ›
C11000 Cu-ETP Copper
20%
No ✓ Free View ›
C14500 CuTeP Copper
85%
No ✓ Free View ›

Machinability relative to CW614N = 100% (C36000 = 100 on the CDA scale); one dot per 20 points, counted from the lower value of a range. Hot and cold work: ratings of the Copper Development Association for the grade or its UNS equivalent and of the Kupferverband (DKI) data sheets — ●●●●● excellent, ●●●● good, ●●● fair, ●● poor; the free-machining grades CW603N, CW614N and CW617N have limited cold workability; JIS grades take the values of the EN grade that lies inside their range. DZR per ISO 6509-1.

RoHS Compliance

Lead exemptions expire June 2027

Leaded grades — every grade marked Ex 6(c) in the table above — use RoHS Annex III Exemption 6(c) — valid to 30 June 2027. Lead-free alternatives: CW724R, C69300, C69310, C68370, C6802, CuZn37, C11000 and C14500 stay at or below the 0.1% RoHS threshold by standard and need no exemption. CuZn40, CW510L and C46400 have no lead addition but allow Pb ≤0.2% as an impurity, and C27450 allows ≤0.25% — for RoHS-critical orders specify Pb ≤0.10% and confirm it on the mill certificate.

Standards & RoHS Guide
DZR Selection

Three routes to dezincification resistance

Arsenic inhibition (CW602N): adds 0.02–0.15% As to suppress DZ. Silicon brass (CW724R, C69300): low zinc and no β phase — resistant by composition, no inhibitor. Lower zinc (<15% Zn): no DZR needed — relevant for some alloys. All DZR grades are qualified per ISO 6509-1.

Alloy Selection Guide
International Equivalents

EN, ASTM, JIS, and BS cross-references

Each datasheet has a cross-reference table with the EN, UNS / ASTM, JIS and old BS 2874 designations; the grade equivalents table compares them in one place.

Browse all datasheets Grade equivalents table
Need a specific grade?

We machine and forge these alloys in Jamnagar

Send your drawing or specification. Our engineering team will confirm the best alloy for your application, tolerances, and compliance requirements — typically within 24 hours.

Request a Quote Alloy Selection Guide

Density of brass and copper alloys

Brass density depends on the alloy: from about 8.1 g/cm³ for aluminium-bearing high-tensile brass and 8.2–8.3 g/cm³ for silicon brasses to about 8.5 g/cm³ for the free-cutting leaded brasses; the coppers are 8.91–8.94 g/cm³. Each value below is the typical density on that alloy’s datasheet (Copper Development Association, Kupferverband/DKI data sheets); a range shows the typical spread. The EN and ASTM standards set no density value.

AlloyDensity
CW713R High-Tensile Brass8.12 g/cm³
C68370 / CW726R Lead-Free Brass8.24–8.3 g/cm³
CW724R Silicon Brass8.28–8.3 g/cm³
C69300 Silicon Brass8.30 g/cm³
C69310 Silicon Brass (with tin)8.3 g/cm³
CuZn40 (CW509L) Brass8.39–8.41 g/cm³
CW510L (CuZn42) Brass8.4 g/cm³
CW617N (CuZn40Pb2) Brass8.40–8.44 g/cm³
C46400 Naval Brass8.41 g/cm³
CW607N (CuZn38Pb1) Brass8.41–8.44 g/cm³
CW612N (CuZn39Pb2) Brass8.43–8.45 g/cm³
CW602N DZR Brass8.43–8.45 g/cm³
C27450 Low-Lead Brass8.44 g/cm³
C37700 Forging Brass8.44 g/cm³
CuZn37 (CW508L) Brass8.44 g/cm³
CW608N (CuZn38Pb2) Brass8.44 g/cm³
CW625N DZR Brass8.44 g/cm³
C3771 Forging Brass (JIS)8.45 g/cm³ (typical)
C35330 DZR Brass8.45 g/cm³
CW614N (CuZn39Pb3) Brass8.46–8.47 g/cm³
C35300 High-Leaded Brass8.47 g/cm³
C38500 Architectural Bronze8.47 g/cm³
CW606N (CuZn37Pb2) Brass8.47–8.50 g/cm³
C36000 Free-Cutting Brass8.50 g/cm³
CW603N (CuZn36Pb3) Brass8.5 g/cm³
C3604 Free-Cutting Brass (JIS)8.5 g/cm³ (typical)
C11000 (Cu-ETP) Copper8.91 g/cm³
C14500 Tellurium Copper8.94 g/cm³
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