Application Guide 06

Renewable
Energy

Copper and brass alloy selection for solar thermal, wind power, and hydrogen infrastructure — conductivity, corrosion resistance, and RoHS-free grades for clean energy.

RoHS-Free Priority Solar · Wind · Hydrogen Conductivity Critical
Why Copper & Brass in Renewables

The Sustainable Metal for Sustainable Energy

Copper and brass are indispensable to the energy transition. A typical onshore wind turbine contains 2–3 tonnes of copper. A solar farm requires approximately 5 tonnes of copper per MW of installed capacity. Copper's unique combination of high conductivity, corrosion resistance, and long service life makes it irreplaceable in clean energy infrastructure.

3t
Cu per onshore wind turbine
5t
Cu per MW solar capacity
100%
C11000 IACS conductivity
25+
Year service life of Cu fittings
RoHS requirement: Renewable energy equipment is classified as EEE (electrical and electronic equipment) under RoHS 2 — all components must be RoHS compliant. Lead-free alloys are mandatory unless Exemption 6(c) applies.
Primary Alloys

Renewables Grade Hierarchy

C11000 — busbars, generators, battery terminals ✓ RoHS Free
CW724R — solar collector fittings, heat exchangers ✓ RoHS Free
CuZn37 — stamped contacts, grounding straps ✓ RoHS Free
CW617N — mechanical fittings, non-EEE hardware Ex 6(c)
Solar Thermal

Collector Fittings & Heat Exchangers

Solar thermal collectors circulate heat-transfer fluid (water/glycol) at up to 200°C. Fittings must resist DZR (hot water DZ risk) and be lead-free for potable water solar systems.

CW724R: DZR-certified, RoHS free, survives 200°C glycol circuits. The primary choice for solar thermal collector fittings and manifold connections in potable water solar DHW systems.

C11000 tube: Absorber tubes in flat-plate collectors are almost exclusively Cu-ETP (C11000) — thermal conductivity 390 W/(m·K) maximises heat transfer from absorber to fluid.
Wind Power

Generator & Electrical Systems

Wind turbine generators use copper busbars, winding conductors, and slip ring assemblies. Nacelle hydraulic systems and pitch control use brass fittings. Tower grounding uses copper bonding conductors.

C11000: Generator windings, busbars, earthing conductors — only copper grade for conductivity-critical components.

CW617N (Ex 6(c)): Hydraulic and cooling fittings within nacelle (non-EEE scope where RoHS does not apply). Check OEM RoHS scope classification.
Hydrogen Systems

Caution: H₂ Embrittlement

Green hydrogen systems (electrolysers, storage, fuel cells) create specific material requirements. Brass can be used for low-pressure hydrogen (<1 MPa) connections and instrumentation fittings.

High-pressure H₂ warning: Above ~1 MPa, hydrogen embrittlement is a significant risk for copper alloys. For high-pressure hydrogen >1 MPa, specify austenitic stainless steel (316L, 316Ti) or speciality alloys rated for hydrogen service. Verify compatibility with ISO 15916 (Basic considerations for the safety of hydrogen systems).

For electrolyser cooling circuits, CW724R is suitable (water service, not H₂ contact).

Application Summary

Renewable Energy Components — Alloy Guide

ComponentAlloyRoHSKey Property
Solar absorber tubeC11000✓ Free390 W/(m·K) — maximum heat transfer
Solar collector fitting (DHW)CW724R✓ FreeDZR + lead-free for potable solar
Solar manifold (non-potable)CW617NEx 6(c)Machinability for complex manifolds
Wind generator busbarC11000✓ Free≥100% IACS — conductivity essential
Tower grounding conductorC11000✓ FreeConductivity + corrosion resistance
Nacelle hydraulic fittingCW617NEx 6(c)Machinability, pressure rating
PV inverter busbarC11000✓ FreeHigh current — conductivity critical
Battery terminal (EV/storage)C11000✓ FreeConductivity + RoHS — no Pb allowed
Electrolyser cooling circuitCW724R✓ FreeDZR + lead-free + corrosion resistant
Stamped grounding strapCuZn37✓ FreeCold-formable + adequate conductivity
Clean Energy Supply Chain

RoHS-free brass for the energy transition.

Brassland supplies lead-free grades with full RoHS declarations — ready for solar, wind, and battery storage supply chains.

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FAQ

Renewable energy brass — common questions

Which materials are used for solar and PV connectors and grounding?
High-conductivity C11000 copper is used for current-carrying connectors and grounding, while brass is used for corrosion-resistant structural fittings. Outdoor parts favour lead-free grades such as CW724R.
Is brass suitable for hydrogen systems?
Copper alloys are generally considered compatible with hydrogen, since hydrogen embrittlement chiefly affects high-strength steels. However, high-pressure hydrogen service has specific material and standard requirements, so confirm the alloy and pressure rating against your system specification.
Which brass resists corrosion for outdoor installations?
Lead-free CW724R silicon brass offers good corrosion resistance and is RoHS compliant without exemption, suiting outdoor solar and wind hardware; C11000 copper is used where conductivity is the priority.
Which alloy is used for EV charging connectors?
Current-carrying contacts use high-conductivity C11000 copper, while machinable brass is used for connector bodies and structural parts.
From Guide to Production

Need renewable-energy parts made?

This guide covers alloy selection. To have components machined to your drawing, see the matching manufacturing pages:

Sources & References

Verify this datasheet against the primary source

Composition ranges, mechanical properties, machinability ratings and regulatory data on this page are cross-referenced against the publishers below. Tolerances and minimum values are taken from the relevant published standard at the time of writing — for procurement specification, always reference the current published edition.

Copper Development Association
CDA alloy database — composition & properties
European Copper Institute
Copper Alliance EU — alloy designation system
MatWeb
Independent material property database
SteelNumber.com
EN material designation cross-reference
CEN / CENELEC
EN 12164, EN 12165, EN 12167, EN 12420
ASTM International
ASTM B16, B124, B283, B371 specifications
ISO 6509-1:2014
Dezincification test method (CuCl₂)
EU RoHS Directive 2011/65
Annex III Exemption 6(c) — valid to 30 Jun 2027
ECHA REACH SVHC List
Lead is on the candidate list (Article 33)
WRAS (UK)
Water Regulations Advisory Scheme approval search
NSF/ANSI/CAN 61
Drinking water system components (US/CA)
Brassland — Standards Guide
Plain-English explainer for every standard above

Last reviewed: May 2026. EN/ISO/ASTM standards are updated periodically. This datasheet reflects the editions listed; for safety-critical or contract-critical applications, always verify against the current published edition of the standard. For project-specific deviations or supplier-specific composition windows, request a Type 3.1 mill certificate (EN 10204) with your order.